The Just War Theory Is No Loss Of Human Life Justifiable

War, a horrible and destructive force that has existed since the beginning of man and has been used for a variety of reasons. From petty disputes over land or resources to civilizations based on war and sometimes to protect the innocent. But can a war be truly justified and can it be controlled? The just war theory is â€Å" the basis on which nations seek to legally and morally justify going to war.† as defined by Oregon State University. The Just war Theory is an interesting and important topic because it can be the basis of war, to define if a war is right or wrong, even though in my opinion war is always wrong,or who is to blame for starting a war are just some of the possibilities of discussion when talking about the theory. Alos it brings the question: is any loss of human life justifiable? The just war theory in essence is two parts, one the conditions that makes a war justifiable and two, the way war should be conducted.The first part of the theory, the conditions for going to war, also known as Jus Ad Bellum has four main points. The first is Just authority, this means that war can only be declared by political authority within a system that allows for such actions. However Dictatorships or deceptive military actions (the 1968 US bombing of Cambodia) are a violation of this criteria.In essence it meanes that a just war cannot be declared if it is within a system that repessses justice. The second point is Just cause, this does not mean to just claim a war isShow MoreRelatedThe War Of The Middle Of Realism And Pacifism1431 Words   |  6 PagesPositioning of myself in the aspect of war was never something I’d think about on a regular basis or even in or around the time of struggle of our nation. To be completely honest I had no idea there was a spectrum of where one falls or thinks they fall. I’ve always thought about it as a â€Å"what goes around comes around† ordeal. But the few weeks that I’ve actually had the pri vilege of studying and being able to relate to the normative positions concerning war, I’ve seem to land right in the middleRead MoreJust War Theory and Pacifism1734 Words   |  7 Pageswill evaluate literature on the topic, identify the different justifications for killing in time of war and decide if they legitimize our actions. After describing some compelling arguments, I will defend my own position that pacifism is the only ideal which mankind should embrace. According to traditional just war theory, a just cause must serve peace and not simply protect an unjust status quo. War must be used as a last resort and all pacifistic approaches must be undertaken. So, if your countryRead MoreOutline the concepts of just war and pacifism1943 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿Outline the key concepts of Just War and Pacifism. A01 [21] The Just war theory maintains that war may be justified if fought only in certain circumstances, and only if certain restrictions are applied to the way in which war is fought. The theory that was first propounded by St Augustine of Hippo and St Ambrose of Milan ( 4th and 5th centuries AD) attempts to clarify two fundamental questions: ‘when is it right to fight?’ and ‘How should war be fought?’. Whereas Pacifists are people mainly ChristiansRead MoreReligion Is Not A Problem With Religion886 Words   |  4 Pages(Boundless, 2015). According to Emile Durkheim all societies have religion which offers meaning to life as well as enforcing religious morals and norms respectably. Similarly German sociologist Max Weber concluded that religion brings meaning to life through specific codes of conducts. 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In the wake of the English Civil War and the Glorious Revolution, Locke analyzes the origins and duties of government. Locke’s ideas of inalienable rights and natur al equality are the classical enunciation of liberalism. His writings have impacted political institutions across the globe, including the American Constitution. In this paper, I will argue that, although Locke’s conception ofRead MoreThe Ethical Problems Within Utilitarianism Essay1828 Words   |  8 PagesKantian theory follows the same principle, but with greater emphasis on the respect for all things involved with ethical quandaries. Both have their critiques, yet both ideas are conceived in an effort to understand and conceptualize some of the biggest controversies and questions that evolve around ethics. This paper will be an attempt to delineate the key components that fabricate each theory, first utilitarianism and then Kantian theory and further provide justification for which theory I wouldRead MoreJust War Theory Essay2502 Words   |  11 PagesReligion (Just War) Christianity preaches peace and loving your neighbor but for the history of christianity, there has been violence and war in its name. For Many years people have been killing other human beings in the name of christ or justifying their killings by saying that the war is in the name of god. The belief that violence and war can be justified is called the â€Å"Just War Theory.† Just war is a war that is justified because it is necessary for peace to happen. Just war theory has itsRead MoreThe Ethics of War and the War in Iraq Essay6365 Words   |  26 Pagesto talk about the ethics of war. Now to some minds this phrase â€Å"the ethics of war† will likely cause raised eyebrows. â€Å"The ethics of war? What can ethics possibly have to do with war? Isn’t war evil?† Well, of course it is. War is a terrible thing. The existence and prevalence of war in history is, in fact, ample testimony to the depravity and wickedness of Man. The conduct of war involves the intentional killing of human beings and the destruction of property. War inevitably causes untold sufferingRead MoreThe Doctrine Of Double Effect2007 Words   |  9 PagesThe doctrine (or principle) of double effect is often invoked to explain the permissibility of an action that causes a serious harm, such as the death of a human being, as a side effect of promoting some good end (McIntyre, 2004) . According to the principle of double effect (DDE), there are times where it is permissible to cause harm – as a side effect of bringing about a good result, even though it would not be acceptable to cause such harm as a means to providing the same good end. I will now

Judiasm Rastafarianism A study of the Falashas Essay

Judiasm Rastafarianism: A study of the Falashas In this research paper I will discuss the ethnic groups of Africans in the Caribbean and Jews in Ethiopia. Jews in Ethiopia call themselves Beta Israel which means `house of Israel. They are also known as the Falashas. Falasha means `stranger or `immigrant in the classical language of Ethiopia (the Geez tongue). I will also describe the culture of the African people displaced into the Caribbean who identify themselves as the Rastafarians and the connections I have made between them and Judaism. I believe that these connections between Judaism and Rastafarianism are more than just similarities that can be found between any two Bible- following religions. I choose the Falashas as the†¦show more content†¦While Jews are still waiting for the messiah, Rastas believe that the messiah has already come (and, unfortunately, gone) in the form of the last Emperor of Ethiopia, His Imperial Majesty, Haile Selassie I.Today man sees all his hopes and aspirations crumble before him. He is perplexed and knows not whither he is drifting. But he must realise that the solution of his present difficulties and guidance for his future action is the Bible. Unless he accepts with clear conscience the Bible and its great message, he cannot hope for salvation. For myself, I glory in the Bible.- Selassie I Emperor Haile Selassie is a direct descendant of King Salomon and the Queen of Sheba; not surprisingly the African people of the Caribbean looked to Selassie as their savior. They were taken from their motherland, Africa, in times of slavery and sought repatriation. Their situation made belief in a white god unrealistic. Selassie I was their Savior. It was on the day of November 2, 1930, when Selassie was crowned Emperor, that he assumed his name meaningthe power of the Holy Trinity. Since then, he has been called many names including King of Kings, Lord of Lords, and the Conquering Lion of Judah - all of which are taken from the book of Revelations. Before he was emperor, he was Ras Tafari, (Rosh Tiferet in Hebrew) which translates toCrown Prince.A psalm in the Bible predicteda crown prince shall come forth from Kush.This meant that when Haile Selassie was crowned

Strategic Information System Small Enterprise Research

Question: Discuss about the Strategic Information System for Small Enterprise Research. Answer: Introduction Accounting software is the computer program, which is set up as well as built for storing as well as managing the accounts and also perform accounting and arithmetic operation (Jones and Jones 2016). This study has mainly focused on the discussion of a literature review on accounting software used in Australia. This literature review is developed on NetSuite which is one of the most popular accounting software and mostly used in all the over the world. NetSuite offers the potential technology in order to run all the aspects of a social or a non-profit enterprise. Thus, this literature review has first illustrated a brief discussion regarding the history of this software as well as the background of the company who is the founder of this software is also illustrated in this study. On the other hand, this study also provides a precise detail regarding the adoption and development of this software in Australia. Apart from that, current market size of this software in Australia is also d emonstrated in this study. Therefore, the literature review also identifies the leaders and the competitive advantage of this accounting software in Australia. History Netsuite is the cloud business management software suite. This accounting software has joined more than 30000 companies. NetSuite was initially an online accounting software solution. NetSuite was launched by NetSuite group which is based in America. NetSuite was invented by Evan Goldberg in 1998 as NetLedger, which is the web-hosted accounting software (Netsuite 2016). Later, NetLedger was renamed to the Oracle Small Business Suite. After that, it was renamed finally as NetSuite. NetSuite is the unified as well as real-time global business management platform for managing the multi-subsidiary, multi-language, multi-currency and multi-national operations as well (Lam 2015). At the very beginning that is after the launch of this software, it was used in the organizations of America. However, due to the increase in the popularity as well as its advanced technological features, the companies all over the world are using this software. Thus, most of the organizations in Australia especia lly the financial enterprises are selecting this accounting software for the advanced features of this software. On the other hand, the robust system of NetSuite supports completely the end-to-end process of business over the organization. Adoption and Development NetSuite is such popular accounting software that is widely used by most of the accounting business corporations in Australia (Netsuite 2016). The host company of NetSuite accounting software, which is the leading provider of cloud-based ERP or Financial industry, have made an announcement that Australia Post as and NetSuite have partnered for delivering an integrated solutions for the omnichannel commerce businesses as well as merchants by utilizing the postal services in all over Australia (Boulianne 2014). It has also announced that it would be done to manage their business operations, which is mission-critical with a single cloud system from the warehouse and ecommerce management, order management, inventory management as well as from financials to the Customer Relationship Management, collection, delivery as well as fulfilment (Lipi, Rama and Agaraj 2015). Therefore, NetSuite as well as Australia Post have planned for collaborating and building as well the Australia Post Suite A pp or the top of cloud business management suite of NetSuite, which leverage its potential platform of Suite Cloud Development. On the other hand, most importantly, this particular integrated solution which has been adopted as well as developed in Australia has combined the strengths of NetSuite and Australia Post. Due to this adoption and development of NetSuite integrated solution, a game-changing impact can be created on the Merchants of Australia as well as Omnichannel Commerce Business (Svobodova and Cerna 2016). Apart from that, NetSuite ERP has become the most deployed cloud Enterprise Resource Planning system in Australia with numerous companies (Netsuite 2016). It has also given comprehensive and proven financial management as well as Enterprise Resource Planning that integrates simply with the entire service and sales processes of most of the organizations in Australia. Current Market Size As per the business operation as well as the advanced features of NetSuite, it is the fastest developing or one of the top 10 global financial management systems in Australia (QuickBooks and Premiere 2013). NetSuite has continued for developing rapidly its top line because its sales grew in Australia by huge percentage in this recent year in comparison to the previous years. Figure 1: NetSuite Market Share (Source: Netsuite 2016) From the graphical representation portrayed above, it can be seen that the popularity as well as the rate of adoption of this accounting software by the financial organization more than any other accounting software of popular enterprises. NetSuite Accounting Software has beaten the other famous accounting software such as Microsoft, Sage, SAP and Oracle as well in terms of the popularity, current market share as well as the revenue earned by NetSuite (Fossella, Kennedy and Kokopay 2014). It is also the similar scenario in Australia for NetSuite as well. Identification of the Leaders NetSuite ERP accounting software is one of the leaders in all over the world, as this product is leading the accounting software market due to the advanced technologies offered by NetSuite. Mosf of tyhe organizations in all over the world are depended on the service of the NetSuite ERP. NetSuite has continued its success in order to deliver the best cloud financial or ERP suites to the businesses in Australia and worldwide by enabling them for lowering significantly the IT costs while enhancing the productivity as the international cloud adoption accelerate. On the other hand, the accounting software of Microsoft, Sage, SAP as well as Oracle is most popular and renowned leaders in the accounting software (Pavaloaia and Andone 2013). However, NetSuite is also leading the market with these accounting software leaders in Australia. It has been possible for NetSuite as this software package has become successful to accomplish the objectives of the adoption of this accounting software in the current market of Australia. Besides that, this accounting software has successfully accomplished all the expectations of the business corporations such as the parcel lockers, parcel collect, parcel rates, trace and track, print label as well as dispatch label (Dyt and Halabi 2012). Moreover, Netsuite has become one of the market leaders in accounting software market in Australia as it offers diverse application in every field of accounting operations for the business organizations. Competitive advantage Due to the huge popularity as well as the demand of this accounting software in all over the world, NetSuite ERP has gained a huge competitive in Australian business organizations as well. It has simply become possible due to the diverse applicability in all the accounting operations in the business organizations who offer accounting services (Jadhav and Sonar 2012). It has a huge demand in the market as this software can provide a unified as well as real-time international platform for business in terms of managing multi-subsidiary, multi-language, multi-currency as well as multi-national operations. On the other hand, NetSuite offers Enterprise Resource Planning services, Customer Relationship Management services, Professional services automation, Ecommerce, retail as well as manufacturing services (Hyvnen, Jrvinen and Pellinen 2016). Therefore, in case of NetSuite accounting software, one single database has offered multiples service, which are mentioned above. Thus, the business organizations in Australia who deal with the accounting services are more willing to adopt as well as develop this particular software due to its multiple services provided by a single database within NetSuite. Thus, it is very simple to portray the fact that due to such multi-dimensional services offered by this accounting software, NetSuite is gaining huge competitive advantage in Australia as well. Therefore, on the other side, this increasing competitive advantage for this software also interpretes the fact or the reason why NetSuite is becoming of the market leaders in Australia along with Microsoft, SAP, Sage and other software. Figure 2: Multi-dimensional Services offered by Netsuite (Source: Netsuite 2016) Current Gaps and Challenges There are few gaps as well as challenges associated with NetSuite. These are as follows: The Cost The most important and effective challenge of NetSuite is that this software is very expensive. The performance challenge in the cloud Sometimes the performance of NetSuite is inconsistent in the cloud (Lipi, Rama and Agaraj 2015). The company reputation The business partners, former users and netsuite users are vocal on the channels of social media (Netsuite 2016). Therefore, they share huge frustrations about the continuous escalations in price, poor customer support, system downtime and the product instability issues. The difficult usage of the customization tools The netsuite customization tools are complimentary but these are limited and intuitive in function Conclusion This entire study made on the literature review on NetSuite, which is one of the leading accounting software in global accounting business world, has interpreted the success story of NetSuite across Australian business organizations. From the overall discussion, it can easily be stated as a conclusion that NetSuite has become one of the leading software in Australia due to its multi-dimensional applications in several accounting business fields. On the other hand, NetSuite has also successfully captured a huge market share amongst all the other leading financial service providing software such as SAP, Microsoft, sage and many others. Apart from that, it is a very simple logic that the enhancement in the competitive advantage would result in more capturing the market share in a specific country. Therefore, due to the increasing competitive advantage, this software is capturing huge market share in Australia as organizations in the country is more willing to adopt the services of NetSu ite. Recommendations There are several recommendations with the help of which the issues of NetSuite can be resolved. These are as follows: The consistency should be enhanced for the netsuite in order to work on cloud. On the other hand, the cost of this software should be minimized as it has been considered as this accounting software has a worldwide acceptance The improvisation of the customization tools is required so that people can find a user friendliness while using these tools in NetSuite. Reference List Boulianne, E., 2014. Impact of accounting software utilization on students' knowledge acquisition: An important change in accounting education.Journal of Accounting Organizational Change,10(1), pp.22-48. Dyt, R. and Halabi, A.K., 2012. Empirical evidence examining the accounting information systems and accounting reports of small and micro business in Australia.Small Enterprise Research,15(2), pp.1-9. Fossella, G.C. and Kennedy, K.F., Kokopay, Inc., 2014.Electronic Payment System Operative with Existing Accounting Software and Existing Remote Deposit Capture and Mobile RDC Software. U.S. Patent Application 14/211,110. Hyvnen, T., Jrvinen, J. and Pellinen, J., 2016. The role of standard software packages in mediating management accounting knowledge.Qualitative Research in Accounting Management,3(2), pp.145-160. Jadhav, A.S. and Sonar, R.M., 2012. Evaluating and selecting software packages: A review.Information and software technology,51(3), pp.555-563. Jones, D. and Jones, M., 2016. Using QuickBooks Accounting Software to Improve Financial and Production Records for Better Decision Making. In2016 Annual Meeting, February 6-9, 2016, San Antonio, Texas(No. 229772). Southern Agricultural Economics Association. Lam, G., 2015. The Online Accounting Software Guide: An In-depth Analysis of Today's Leading Cloud Accounting Applications. Lipi, I., Rama, R. and Agaraj, X., 2015. Implications of Accounting Information System Implementation in SMEs: A Study on Retail Business in Vlore Region.Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences,6(3), p.553. Netsuite.com. 2016.Business Software, Business Management Software NetSuite. [online] Available at: https://www.netsuite.com/portal/home.shtml [Accessed 24 Aug. 2016]. Pavaloaia, V.D. and Andone, I.I., 2013. Opportunities of innovation with intelligent technologies for the financial and accounting software.Global Journal on Technology,4(2). QuickBooks, I. and Premiere, C., 2013. Accounting Software Supported: Accounting Software Version MISys Manufacturing Version.Sage,6, pp.0-7. Svobodova, L. and Cerna, M., 2016. Accounting, Economic and ERP Systems on the Czech Scene.Advanced Science Letters,22(5-6), pp.1170-1174.

Stakeholder Management Theory Firm Strategy -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Stakeholder Management Theory Firm Strategy? Answer: Introduction Communication is the integral part of the business project management. The project manager requires guiding the associates every aspect related to any particular project. The efficient communication plan is the necessary part of this project guidance. The relevant method, frequency, and communication specifications are the major concerns that are widely used in a communication plan. The closer observation of the project communication purpose is much fruitful for a project manager to realize the goals of the communication plan. It is notable that the communication is a managed process and the management team depends on this process. As defined by Simon Lewis, the communication process is considered as the dialogue for and by an organisation. In order to measure the communication, it is necessary to identify the capacity of the message receiver for understanding it. Accordingly, the reactions would be anticipated. The study would develop the specific communication plan for providing th e adequate information to the project stakeholders of WATA Project. The systematic conceptual framework would be used in this study to develop a structured communication plan and measure the success. Background of the Project The project specifies the development of the WATA-Standard electrolyser to produce the sodium hypochlorite solution. It mixes up with 0.6% active chlorine, which is used for disinfection process and water treatment. The formulation of the sodium hypochlorite helps in electrolyzing the salt water and supply to the people residing in the remote village areas. The water is chlorinated by the sodium hypochlorite, which destroys 99% of the pathogenic microorganisms in 30 minutes. The major aim of the project is to establish the clear and transparent communication with the potential stakeholders and receive access to the remote areas. The communication plan develops the awareness program to inform people about the necessity of the electrolyzed water consumptions[1]. The analysis of the current situation of two locations in Africa, such as Burkina Faso and Zambia, would ensure the necessity of electrolyzed water. This project is concentrating on the development of Mini-WATA that can drink u p to 2,000 liters of water for at least 500 people. It even produces 1 liter of disinfectant for purifying the saltwater. The identification of the systematic procedures for preparing the communication plan is required being implemented[2]. The structured and sequential procedure is prepared below. Situation Analysis The target market for this project is chosen in Burkina Faso and Zambia. Burkina Faso is located in Western Africa whereas Zambia is in Southwestern Africa. Burkina Faso is surrounded by hills and sandstone rock. It is noticed that people from Zambia speak in English more than the people in Burkina Faso. The language barrier is thus a matter of concern for making people aware of this project. It is noticed that more than 10 million people in Burkina Faso do not have the access to consume the safe drinking water along with the safer sanitation[3]. Therefore, these people often suffer from the high prevalence of the diseases like hepatitis A, diarrhea and typhoid. The annual death has reached up to 6% in this area. In fact, the risks of the infectious diseases are also much higher in this location. On the other hand, almost 36% of the people, which comes approximately 4.8 million people, do not get the access to the safe drinking water. It is reported that almost 90% of the total 8700 people died due to the diarrhea disease in Zambia. The poor sanitation facilities and hygiene factors are the major reasons behind such issues with health. In fact, in rural hospitals, many people do not receive the proper access to the safe drinking water[4]. The project thus concentrates on the access to the safe drinking water for the people in rural and remote areas. The focus of initiating this project is to reduce the ratio of the diseases caused by the unsafe water. However, before developing this project specification, it is necessary to develop the awareness regarding the implementation of this machinery for filtering the water. Objectives The set of objectives for developing this project is as follows: To develop the safer and secure accessibility to the drinking water in the remote areas To initiate the effective communication plan for engaging the stakeholders To evaluate the plan for measuring the success of the implemented project The above objectives would be used for developing the sequential process of managing the stakeholder communication plan. The further section of the study would describe the entire communication plan for managing the project activities. Messages The major concentration of this project is to develop the secure and safer access to the drinking water. It has been observed that the people in rural and remote areas do not get the proper access to the safe drinking. Moreover, they are not even aware of the necessity of safe drinking water. Therefore, they usually face the life risk diseases. Hence, it is necessary to convey the messages to the stakeholders. The message is to develop the safe drinking practices by using the filtered and electrolyzed water in remote and rural areas. The supports from the internal and the external stakeholder are much necessary for developing this project. Hence, it is necessary to understand the importance and the underlying value of this project. Measuring the project progress would be necessary for the completion of this project. Target Audience (Stakeholders) Every project requires selecting the target audience to ensure the effectiveness of the project. The supports derived from the stakeholders help in ensuring success and consistency of the project purpose[5]. Moreover, the project success depends on the acceptability of the associated stakeholders. Similarly, the project is also concentrating on the target stakeholders inside and outside of the company. The list of the stakeholder group is discussed further: Internal Stakeholders External Stakeholders 1. Project Manager 1. African Government 2. Executives 2. Community people from Burkina Faso and Zambia 3. Staffs 3. Investors 4. Suppliers Table 1: Stakeholder Group (Source: Created by the Author) The African Government is the key stakeholder group for this project. It is noticed that the community from Burkina Faso and Zambia are not aware of the safety approaches of drinking water. Most of the people from these remote areas have been suffering from the diseases caused by unsafe water consumptions. The partnership with the government would help in developing the project activities without any obstruction. Moreover, it will even help in spreading the awareness among the community members[6]. The effective practice of consuming safe drinking water through mini-WATA services would help in accomplishing the objectives of the project. Therefore, the participation of these stakeholders is necessary for completion of this project. Means of achieving objectives The major focus of the project is to increase the awareness regarding the use of safe drinking. On the other hand, the project is also developing the concerns regarding the reduction of the diseases in the rural areas that caused due to the unhygienic water consumptions[7]. In order to achieve such objectives, the following key performances are needed to be undertaken: Communication plan development Partnership with the African Government Establishment of the awareness program Developing the promotional media African Government plays the most effective role in this project. It is noticed that the establishing the partnerships with the government would be much helpful in developing the means of awareness activities. The establishment of the promotional tools would be helpful enough in spreading awareness regarding this project. The advertising tools that are useful for developing communication are as follows: TV media, Print, and radios Mobile phones Internet (Search engines, portals) Events (Awareness Program) Films, Video Games Posters/Bill boarding Mailing (Objects, paper, electronic) These advertising tools deal with some of the basic specifications. The project manager concentrates on the target audience for this project activity[8]. The identification of the level of change expected is also one of the major concerns for this study. Developing the ideas about these segments would help in managing the entire project in a sequential way. Budget The budgetary value of this project provides the insightful ideas about the gross margin referred for an item. It is notable that Kit Mini-WATA is sold for 10CHF margin, which is near to 6% of the total profit. On the other hand, the turnover distribution rate per item has reached up to 5% in the year of 2015. The same rate was quite lower, up to 1% in the year of 2016. Hence, it is notable that at the initial stage, the product did not create any significant impact on the target audience. However, identifying the gaps and the areas of improvement, the similar project in 2016 could fulfill the gaps. The product specifications are thus fulfilled during the distribution process. Planning The effective communication planning requires concentrating on some of the specific activities. The sequential way of developing the clear communication process is defined further: Understanding the objective is the primary activity for developing a communication plan. In this particular project scenario, the major objective is to communicate the purpose of developing this water electrolyzing system for the people in rural areas. The communication with the government of Africa is necessary for the further approval. Understanding the audience is the next concern is to be developed. The identification of the needs and requirement for the communication is essential before proceeding with the plan[9]. The purpose of this communication is to develop the safe drinking practices by using the filtered and electrolyzed water in remote and rural areas. The supports from the internal and the external stakeholder are much necessary for developing this project. After selecting the objective as well as target audience the project manager should form appropriate media vehicles with the help of which the managers can reach the doorstep of target audience[10]. The entire project is decided to be conducted in rural areas. As a result, the project managers have focused on traditional media channels so that they can draw the attention of target market The primary media vehicles that have been selected for conducting the entire project include events, road campaigns, posters, hoardings, newspaper, electronic media and so on. In order to create awareness among the people of rural areas the popularity of social media would not be very much effective[11]. Therefore, the project managers have given more importance on using traditional media in order to make effective promotional activities. However, in this specific part an overall representation has been provided for depicting the communication plan that has been prepared for making Kit Mini-WATA project successful. Communication Plan Overall communication objective: To make the target audience aware of Kit Mini-WATA project essence Audience Communication Objective Message Channel Timing Community people from Burkina Faso and Zambia To develop the safer and secure accessibility to the drinking water in the remote areas Importance of using secured and pure drinking water Road campaign 2 hours Community people from Burkina Faso and Zambia To make people aware about the importance of maintaining hygiene factor in drinking water Most of the human disease starts from water Posters/Bill boarding 2hours African government To make the African government aware of the project Making the community people free from water pollution Email 1 hour Table 2: An effective communication plan (Source: As created by the author) Annual Communication Program The primary objective of making an effective annual communication program is to make an effective interaction with the target audience. In this particular communication program the project managers would be able to make an effective interaction with the target audience in order to know the primary mission and vision of this specific communication plan[12]. The primary significance of WATA Project is decided to be portrayed on this annual communication program. In addition, after conducting the program the project managers would get a scope to collect an effective feedback from the target customers. Based on that particular feedback the project campaign strategy can be reformed. While conducting an effective annual communication program the concerned project managers tend to focus on some of the major facts and that are as follows: Identify the communication objectives Concentrate on the target audience only Design and set the key messages for conveying target audience Identify the communication method Make a face to face communication for involving the target audience directly Set the time frame for conducting the events Make a budget for conducting the plan Implementation of the plan Follow up the results about the success of event by collecting necessary feedback from the customers Implementation In order to make an effective communication plan the project managers have to focus on some of the major steps and that are as follows: Research and planning: Before implementing the annual communication program the concerned researchers have to focus on the current needs and demands of the target audience[13]. As per the cultural and religious backgrounds of target audience the project managers have to make their communication skill so that the viewers do not have to face difficulties in understanding the message of project managers. Implementation: After making the proper script of an event the project manager intends to conduct the program in presence of some of the most eminent personalities[14]. The personalities who intend to present in this very specific event includes health minister African government, celebrities, and key personalities associated with WATA project. In addition, in order to involve the target audience directly within the campaign an effective session within the event will be conducted where the project managers will directly communicate with the target group. The current concern of the target audience can be known in this specific event. Follow up: After conducting the event the responsibility of organizers is to gather necessary feedback from the guests as well as target audience. Especially those people who will directly participate within the event will be requested to provide their response about the essence of event[15]. Project managers would have to e ready for the positive as well as negative feedback both. After identifying the negative feedback the project managers should focus on rendering an improvement on that specific area so that the managers can fulfill the needs and demands of the customers next time. Conclusion: The entire study has focused to make an in-depth evaluation about the impact of effective communication plan for making the people aware of a WATA Project. After identifying a target audience the project managers aim to promote the campaign in different geographical boundaries. African rural regions have been selected as the target geographical boundaries where the project managers focus to develop the project in order to make people understand about the importance of having secured and polluted free drinking water. In addition, the project managers intend to draw the attention of African government as well for taking their co-operation while continuing their project on those rural areas. Use of communication plan on the announcement of a partnership with a government The rise of the different partnership strategies, such as alliances and joint ventures has the recognizable impact on the organisations in these days. We have been experiencing the drastic consequences in this complex global market due to the influence of these partnerships. The partner companies often share the skills, stakeholders, expertise and the spur innovations to achieve the pre-determined goals. The major purpose of developing this project is to improve the practice of safe water consumption among the people in Burkina Faso and Zambia. The focus is to reduce the diseases caused for drinking unsafe water. Collaboration with the African Government is necessary for this project. Educating the people from rural areas is necessary before implementing the project. The supports from the government would help in establishing awareness among the people. It is notable that almost 36% of the people, which comes approximately 4.8 million people, do not get the access to the safe drinkin g water. It is reported that almost 90% of the total 8700 people died due to the diarrhea disease in Zambia. The poor sanitation facilities and hygiene factors are the major reasons behind such issues with health. In fact, in rural hospitals, many people do not receive the proper access to the safe drinking water. Hence, we can make it a practice of consuming safe drinking water. It is expected that at the initial stage, the turnover of the products would be quite higher. Making changes in the distribution process will be beneficial for reducing this product turnover rate. However, the government sometimes requires information about the suitability of this product, which can help reducing the diseases. Keeping the government updated about the project specifications is necessary to maintain the product stability. Measurement of the project success can only be possible if the communication transparency is properly maintained. The service executives have to be informative about the product specifications. Therefore, they can resolve the queries arise from the end of African Government. The continuous supports and maintaining the ethical approaches will help in stabilizing the product suitability. The formulation of the sodium hypochlorite helps in electrolyzing the salt water and supply to the people residing in the remote village areas. The water is chlorinated by the sodium hypochlorite, which destroys 99% of the pathogenic microorganisms in 30 minutes. Often government fails to understand such chemical reactions due to the lack of proper expertise. Hence, it is necessary to engage the associate who are capable of providing the adequate information related to the addition of chemical ingredients for electrolyzing the water. The government will receive the detailed report of these specificatio ns. The African Government is the key stakeholder group for this project. It is noticed that the community from Burkina Faso and Zambia are not aware of the safety approaches of drinking water. Most of the people from these remote areas have been suffering from the diseases caused by unsafe water consumptions. The partnership with the government would help in developing the project activities without any obstruction. Having water in a school in a village Developing the safer approaches in consuming the safe water is the sign of a healthy village. We walk alongside families, house by house to make some of the small changes in terms of developing healthy approaches. Small changes lead to the larger improvements in health. We have conducted a small research about the health, lives, and experiences of the people in the community to understand their practices regarding the unsafe drinking. The staffs associated with the field study started building relationships with the families in the rural and remote areas. When we communicate with these families, we could gather knowledge about their habits and daily activities based on the food and drinking habits. It is noticed that the people in the rural community have been facing the most trouble while consuming unsafe drinking water from the nearby places. The current practices of consuming unsafe drinking water are making them fall sick every moment. Identifying the major places where these pro blems are mostly visible was quite beneficial in understanding the areas of improvements. It is quite uncomfortable for them and it seeks immediate changes. The research pointed out that majority of the diseases is originated from this unsafe water consuming practices. We have found out that if we can develop the proper electrolyzed form of water, it would protect the bacteria included in the drinking water. Consequently, it will reduce the number of victims affected by these diseases. However, the majority of the determinants were found due to the lack of proper information regarding the safe consumptions of drinking water. The water filtration process is quite an unknown concept to the people of remote areas. We found out that if we can convince the government about such safe drinking practices, it would be helpful for us to introduce the beneficial practices. Communicating with the people is the most relevant process of implementing such changes. The approval received from the government is necessary for developing any promotional activities. However, it is needless to mention that the community also responded back to the change we determined to develop. They practiced using the electrolyzed water for next few months. They have been realizing th e changes in their practices and feeling healthier than before. Now, every household has set the goal to use safe water and storing the water with a safer process. In addition to this, they practiced using lantern and washing hands to protect themselves from the diseases. Such improvements are necessary for the different community in other remote areas. However, the supports from the government are essential in case of managing the stability of this safer approach. Even if the government personnel can keep the concentration on such purpose, it would make the difference in future as well. We are hopeful for the brighter and healthier future of the community people in the remote areas. These changes would ensure the larger development in civilization in upcoming generation. Reference List: Burson H, The Business of Persuasion: Harold Burson on Public Relations, 2017: Rosettabooks Coombs, W. Timothy.Ongoing crisis communication: Planning, managing, and responding. Sage Publications, 2014. Dingsyr, Torgeir, et al. "A decade of agile methodologies: Towards explaining agile software development." (2012): 1213-1221. Einwiller, Sabine A., and Michael Boenigk. "Examining the link between integrated communication management and communication effectiveness in medium-sized enterprises."Journal of Marketing Communications18.5 (2012): 335-361. Eskerod, Pernille, and Anna Lund Jepsen.Project stakeholder management. Gower Publishing, Ltd., 2013. Eskerod, Pernille, and Anne Live Vaagaasar. "Stakeholder management strategies and practices during a project course."Project Management Journal45.5 (2014): 71-85. Eskerod, Pernille, and Martina Huemann. "Sustainable development and project stakeholder management: what standards say."International Journal of Managing Projects in Business6.1 (2013): 36-50. Fassin, Yves. "Stakeholder management, reciprocity and stakeholder responsibility."Journal of Business Ethics109.1 (2012): 83-96. Freeman, Edward, and Alexander Moutchnik. "Stakeholder management and CSR: questions and answers."uwf UmweltWirtschaftsForum21.1-2 (2013): 5-9. Gregory, A, Planning and Managing Public Relations Campaigns: A Strategic Approach (PR In Hanson A, The B2B PR Handbook: Create and Deliver a Successful PR Program, 2014 : Kindle Heath C, Heath D, Made to stick: why some ideas take hold and others come unstuck, 2008: Hwang, Bon-Gang, and Wei Jian Ng. "Project management knowledge and skills for green construction: Overcoming challenges."International Journal of Project Management31.2 (2013): 272-284. Jeffries, Pamela R., et al. "Creating a professional development plan for a simulation consortium."Clinical Simulation in Nursing9.6 (2013): e183-e189. Knowlton, Kim, et al. "Development and implementation of South Asias first heat-health action plan in Ahmedabad (Gujarat, India)."International journal of environmental research and public health11.4 (2014): 3473-3492. Merad, Myriam, Nicolas Dechy, and Frdric Marcel. "Adapting participative governance framework for the implementation of a sustainable development plan within an Organization."Restoring Lands-Coordinating Science, Politics and Action. Springer Netherlands, 2012. 217-237. Minoja, Mario. "Stakeholder management theory, firm strategy, and ambidexterity."Journal of Business Ethics109.1 (2012): 67-82. Practice), 2015: Kogan Page. Quarry, Wendy, and Ricardo Ramirez.Communication for another development: Listening before telling. Zed Books Ltd., 2013. Random House. Weiss, Joseph W.Business ethics: A stakeholder and issues management approach. Berrett-Koehler Publishers, 2014. A decade of agile methodologies: Towards explaining agile software development." (2012): 1213-1221.

Current Issue in Financial Accounting Essay Example

Current Issue in Financial Accounting Essay People have curiosity over the world, including information such as how it operates. The Information derived from the world can affect peoples behavior. This also holds true In the financial world. However, there has been debate about the approaches that can be taken to increase the understanding of the world. In accounting, the traditional scientific approach, which has enjoyed its monopoly for a long time, is attracting extensive criticism, especially from those who propose an alternative approach (the critical approach). This essay will compare and contrast these two approaches and discuss how they are utilized for accounting research. The eclectic approach (also known as the postvocalic approach) differs from the critical approach significantly in the ontological aspect. Positivists hold the idea that truth is out there to be discovered. For the critical approach, accounting should not be perceived as something objective or indicative of what the real world is (Hooper, Dave, Lancashire ; Prescott, 2008). The information collected by positivists from studies can disclose what Is found to be right In the sampled population but the Information should not be extended to cover a wider range of conclusions. Besides, the world is multifaceted. What appears to be right on one dimension might not be the same in another dimension. Positivists present the idea that information collected is adequate for reaching conclusions, but the critical approach does not consider this adequacy as the strength of the conclusions but as the cause of conclusions fallibility (Humphrey Escapes, 2007). The Impact of social domination provides a strong argument against the notion that accounting is not a natural or precise science. The critical approach has also attacked activism on the drawbacks of the statistical methodology it has developed and relied on. We will write a custom essay sample on Current Issue in Financial Accounting specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Current Issue in Financial Accounting specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Current Issue in Financial Accounting specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer However sophisticated the methodology or the research instrument is, positivism is to varying degrees yielding to researchers subjective analysis, management of interpretation of data (Fleischman, Radcliff ; Shoemaker, 2003). Researchers understanding and deflation of subjects and terminology might also be different (Tinker, 2005). In other words, findings released by the scientific approach are informative to some extent but not entirely reliable. Needless to say, statistic tools are valuable when subjects can be quantified. Economic activities cannot be quantified all the time (Fleischman et al. 2003). For example, it is unlikely to quantify the Impact of the agency cost on accounting figures. The quantification of some elements which are not easily measurable makes the research methodology controversial and unconvincing. In addition to theoretical and subjective matters, the critical approach also suggests that the scientific research undervalues or omits the effect of cultural factors, economic factors, political factors and other external forces that mould accounting practices (Humphrey Lee, 2007). There are two implications for the critical approaches emphasis on the contextual factors that have a bearing on accounting- related research. I nee TLS Implication Is Tanat ten contextual Doctors, wanly are complex and ever-changing, account for why accounting is malleable rather than definite. For instance, the creative accounting theory argues that organizations take various approaches to affect accounting statement users opinions (Siskin ; Schneider, 2008). There can be a complex of factors contributing to this, managers incentives, the fear of investors pessimism, tax obligations, and so forth. Even more important is the fact that in many cases, some factors are overlooked but still of importance to a specific phenomenon. In these circumstances, the scientific approach is fallacious at its root, because the use of statistical tools is not reasonably applicable in accounting, at least not as applicable as it is in physical sciences (Hooper et al, 2008). Due to all these barriers (researchers biases, imperfections of research methods and the ever-changing external environment), an increasing number of scholars have put forward the argument that the scientific approach can never attain its objective of exploring the rules of the world reliably; alternatively, it is a pragmatic tool developed by capitalists to achieve social domination and a tool to relieve the potential intention among different actors in society (Dullard, 1991). This argument is reasonable, either in the past or in contemporary society. Accounting in the early 20th century was used to attract investors attention and investment in new ventures. Today, for instance, the shareholders and the managers do have some interests in conflict, but accounting can serve as a bridge between them and reduce the distrust caused by information asymmetry (Macintosh ; Baker, 2002). Critics of positivism also argue that both accounting and research on accounting are social phenomena, which are ephemeral in nature and cannot be perpetuated (Hogue, 2006). Accounting does not measure and disclose the actual accumulation of wealth in society but merely provides an explanation of resource distribution (Tinker, Merino ; Marker, 1982). Accounting standards change in responses to the changes in the dominating ideology of the society, as suggested by the critical approach. For instance, the importance attached to an organizations intangible sets in recent years leads to the emergence of the balanced scorecard, a brand new performance measurement tool that includes more than an organizations financial performance. These accounting practices were not useful a century ago, where the labor-intensive economy predominated. This kind of examples can pose a challenge on positivism, which is captured by the idea of finding the genuine and perpetual truth of the world. The critical approach also suspects other rationales behind drawing a causal relationship between events in the economic world. There are two possible arguments against this attempt. The first argument is that the causal relationship validated by the scientific approach is in fact fallible (Hogue, 2006). It is satisfactory only because the incidents that prove otherwise have not yet been discerned. Another argument is that even though a causal relationship does exist and accounts for a majority of incidents, the scientific approach does not foresee all elements that can come Into play, nor does It measure ten elements In ten order AT Importance conclusively (Humphrey ; Lee, 2007). For these reasons, attempts to launch scientific research are fruitless and meaningless (Humphrey ; Lee, 2007). The scientific approach is also based on an assumption that everything occurs logically (Hooper et al, 2008). It is too simplistic to lay out this assumption. Humans are always possibly driven by their will rather than rules (Tinker, 2005). For instance, even though accounting practices have been developed to measure an organizations ability to pay off debt, the collapse of banks in the supreme crisis indicates that organizations would overstate their assets rather than be mindful of their liquidity. Therefore, if the irrationality always exists, researchers should not anticipate their search findings to contribute to the effectiveness of the world and identify the best practices. Paradoxically, after the crisis deepened, some countries enacted laws to allow banks to put doubtful debt (which was in fact bad debt) in current assets constantly in order to prevent public panic. This contingency policy is in conflict with some basic accounting standards (treating bad debt as expenses). The scientific research is also theory-laden, which means that it starts from the analysis of existing theories (Hooper et al, 2008). Its attention is concentrated on verifying the relationships presupposed by existing theories. For this reason, it is passive and not friendly to changes. It does not take initiative to introduce new solutions that might become meaningful to meet unprecedented needs and challenges. Despite all these problems of positivism, it is important to note that the critical approach in itself is not a method of research but a method of examining research (Hooper et al, 2008). There is the preposition to associate the critical approach with the qualitative research, a methodology which is also concerned about contextual factors and characteristics of the subject (Tinker, 2005). However, more often than not, qualitative research leads to the establishment of some hypotheses and assumptions which are speculative in nature. Case-based research, another research methodology commonly used in the critical approach, cites exceptions to attack the generalized findings of positivism (Humphrey Escapes, 2007). However, this is also the weakness of the critical approach. The critical approach draws attention to what is wrong or what can be wrong but performs no function in finding what is right (due to the belief that it is unlikely to do so) (Humphrey Lee, 2007). Another problem found in the critical approach is that even though it tries to evade a conclusive answer but attacks a perceived reality, the evidence it brings together is controversial, because of the lack of the use of well-recognized research methods (Morgan Wolcott, 1993). The irony is that the critical research offers some novel perspectives to view some subjects, but these perspectives do not receive more attention unless they are tested by statistic tools (Hogue, 2006). Thats why despite the growing influence of the critical research, positivism still predominates in accounting literature (Hogue, 2006). I nee Ideal AT ten critical approach Is Tanat researchers can evaluate ten accounting system as an outsider. The main rationale behind this is that researchers can detect the problems of the system more easily (Hooper et al, 2008). However, beyond any doubt, researchers have to rely on their knowledge in evaluation. Such knowledge is basically derived from what was found in the scientific approach. It therefore brings attention to the impracticability of the critical approach, as the objective and legitimate critique of the system in which accounting standards develop is impossible (Dullard, 1991). The accounting scandals that have been disclosed in recent years illustrate this point, despite the continued development of standards during the same period. Instead of debating about whether positivism is superior to the critical approach or vice versa, accounting research should recognize their pros and cons and use them with caution. The scientific approach can be adopted to test the validity of some hypotheses or at least to what extent the hypotheses hold, but it should be compensated by the critical approach, which leads people to examine hypotheses from a variety of perspectives (Humphrey ; Escapes, 2007). While positivism gives management or other users of accounting statements convenience in interpreting financial data with a number of shared and generalized understandings of such data, the convenience can be misleading if it does not consider the complexity of variables such as contexts. As Tweeted (2010) states in the article, accounting students should be aware of the circumstances prevailing when analyzing issues and Judgment. Positivists should evaluate their knowledge, assumptions and hypotheses according to the most powerful external forces that are present where the discussion and analysis are carried out. People should also be aware of their own assumptions and beliefs (Hooper et al, 2008). For example, if people assume that current assets of an organization should be more of liquidity than non-current assets, they might need to evaluate what constitutes an organizations current asset. This can be different in different countries and periods of time in a fiscal year. One important lesson that has been learned from the scientific approach is that there should be more than one explanation of an event. There is no point in arguing that one explanation is better than another and then the less satisfactory explanation would be discarded (Hooper et al, 2008). Each explanation has its drawbacks and also its rationality. It can find its Justifications in different contexts. This can help people gain a better and more comprehensive understanding of an event.

Word Choice Quick vs. Fast

Word Choice Quick vs. Fast Word Choice: Quick vs. Fast Whooosh! Zooom! Wheee! Today, we have a need for speed, so we’re looking at the words â€Å"quick† and â€Å"fast.† Both terms are related to rapidity, but there is a subtle difference between them that many people overlook. So, join us for a speedy look at how to use these words correctly! Quick (Speedily or in a Short Time) One use of the adjective â€Å"quick† is to refer to something that happens at speed: John was always quick to respond. The emphasis here is brevity of action. We also see this in another use of this term, which is to show that something happens in a short amount of time: I’ll give your essay a quick look before you hand it in. These uses are similar, but the second doesn’t necessarily require speed. You could have a â€Å"quick nap,† for example, which would be short but static (unless you fall asleep on a skateboard at the top of a hill). Seems like a good spot for a â€Å"quick† nap.(Photo: John Chapman/Pyrope) The adverbial form of this word is â€Å"quickly.† â€Å"Quick† and â€Å"quickly† are sometimes used interchangeably, but you should always use â€Å"quick† for nouns and â€Å"quickly† for verbs in formal writing. Fast (At High Speed) â€Å"Fast† is another adjective that refers to something happening at speed: John was always fast to respond. However, it can also be used to describe something that is capable of moving quickly. Or it can indicate that something happens at a high pace: I’ve always loved fast cars. The fast pace of change took some by surprise. The key in these cases is that it about the sustained speed/rate of something, not the time it takes to occur. We say that a car is â€Å"fast,† for example, because this reflects its potential for sustained speed, whereas â€Å"quick† would imply a brief action. An important exception to this is â€Å"fast food,† which is so called because it is made quickly. It does not usually move fast unless you throw it across the room, which is widely considered impolite. If anything, eating it will probably slow you down. In addition, we can use â€Å"fast† as an adverb when describing an action: You always drive too fast. â€Å"Fast† has some other meanings, too, such as â€Å"hard to move† or to abstain from food for a period of time. However, these are much harder to confuse with the word â€Å"quick†! Quick or Fast? These words are often interchangeable when referring to something that happens at speed. But this is not always the case. The key to avoiding errors is therefore considering whether time is relevant. If you’re describing something that happens in a short time, it will be typically be â€Å"quick.† But if it is something that is capable of moving fast or that occurs at a high rate, the correct word will be â€Å"fast.† Quick = Happening at speed or in a short time Fast = Happening at a high speed or rate, or capable of moving at speed

Part A Self-evaluation (finance) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Part A Self-evaluation (finance) - Essay Example Furthermore, I have realized the importance of time value of money in the corporate world. Initially, I thought that inflation is the only key variable that alters the value of money but now I have apprehended that the time value of money encompasses of inflation, effort, risk and other variables. Finally, I have also found my self to be convenient with the tutorial questions of the above chapters. Although I have gained a lot from taking this course but yet there have been some stumbling blocks which were hindering in my course of learning. The third module which teaches risks and returns is quite figured out by me but I can not understand its practical application. The theory of that chapter was extremely intricate and types of risk were even unfathomable for me. The next module of Valuing bonds and shares was found to be even more complicated. I am baffled with the various valuation models used for valuing shares and bonds. I can not get which model is to be applied in which circumstance and the reasoning behind its application. The concept of Yield to Maturity was impenetrable as I could not comprehend the real significance of the concept. I can confirm this fact in the light of evidence that the questions of MyFinance Lab homework were looking as though beyond my capabilities. However, I have tried to break the barrier by going through different books and internet articles. I keep a simple schedule for learning the diverse set of subjects. Whenever I hear a lecture, I take my time and start revising to embed those concepts firmly in my mind. Moreover, I try to get acquainted with the current global scenario by digging up for information that is in the air. As far as the areas of the improvements are concerned, I am not flair with numbers therefore I need to improve my analytical skills and numerical solving capability. For